s Syndrome

Understanding and living with a child that has a syndrome is a heart breaking experience. Today over thousands of parents have to live with children that have down’s syndrome. Children are born frequently with this type of disorder. If someone close had a disorder would you understand what was going on or do you even know what I am talking about? In 1866 the study of Down’s syndrome began. Physician John Langdon Down published and essay in England. The essay talked about a set of children who all looked alike and had mental retardation. These children also looked like people from Mongolia. In 1960 the name Down’s Syndrome became know to people. In the twentieth century there was speculation of a case of Down’s Syndrome. In the 1930’s Waardenburg and Bleyer came up with the theory that it might be chromosomal abnormalities. Jerome Lejeune and Patricia Jacobs found the trisomy of the 21st chromosome. Jerome and Patricia worked separately on the project. A chromosome is a â€Å"thread-like structure composed of DNA and other proteins,† stated Len. Chromosomes are in every cell. They carry the gentic information to the cell to develop. â€Å"Genes, which are units of information, are ‘encoded’ in the DNA,† stated Len. A human is divided into mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is were the body grows. In mitosis one cell converts to two cells and has the exact number as there parents. Meiosis occurs in the ovaries and the testicles. The one cell will split into two cells. When this happens cells have half the chromosomes the parents have. Down’s syndrome or trisomy 21 is the most common autosomal trisomy. Mader stated â€Å"trisomy is having three of a particular type of chromosome,† and â€Å"autosomal is any chromosome other than the sex-determining pair.† Chromosome 21 usually has one copy and in Down’s Syndrome it has two. Down’s Syndrome has three copies in chromosome 21. In most cases the sperm had the extra 21 ch... 's Syndrome Free Essays on Down\'s Syndrome Understanding and living with a child that has a syndrome is a heart breaking experience. Today over thousands of parents have to live with children that have down’s syndrome. Children are born frequently with this type of disorder. If someone close had a disorder would you understand what was going on or do you even know what I am talking about? In 1866 the study of Down’s syndrome began. Physician John Langdon Down published and essay in England. The essay talked about a set of children who all looked alike and had mental retardation. These children also looked like people from Mongolia. In 1960 the name Down’s Syndrome became know to people. In the twentieth century there was speculation of a case of Down’s Syndrome. In the 1930’s Waardenburg and Bleyer came up with the theory that it might be chromosomal abnormalities. Jerome Lejeune and Patricia Jacobs found the trisomy of the 21st chromosome. Jerome and Patricia worked separately on the project. A chromosome is a â€Å"thread-like structure composed of DNA and other proteins,† stated Len. Chromosomes are in every cell. They carry the gentic information to the cell to develop. â€Å"Genes, which are units of information, are ‘encoded’ in the DNA,† stated Len. A human is divided into mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is were the body grows. In mitosis one cell converts to two cells and has the exact number as there parents. Meiosis occurs in the ovaries and the testicles. The one cell will split into two cells. When this happens cells have half the chromosomes the parents have. Down’s syndrome or trisomy 21 is the most common autosomal trisomy. Mader stated â€Å"trisomy is having three of a particular type of chromosome,† and â€Å"autosomal is any chromosome other than the sex-determining pair.† Chromosome 21 usually has one copy and in Down’s Syndrome it has two. Down’s Syndrome has three copies in chromosome 21. In most cases the sperm had the extra 21 ch...

Free Essays on Forensic Anthropology

What is Forensic Anthropology? From within the specialized area of osteologythe study of bones- comes the application of the methods and techniques of analyzing skeletal remains for cases that will apply tf legal importance. Osteological analyses yield clues as to how populations of people might have lived, how old they were when they died, if they were female or male, their state of health (or disease), types of trauma they may have experienced as related to climate, warfare, and occupation. Forensic anthropologists help identify individuals who died in mass disasters, wars, or due to homicide, suicide, or accidental death, and applying the evidence to a case legally. Anthropology is the "study of humans" in a broad sense. There are primarily three subfields of anthropology, or three general areas into which the study of humans can be classified: Cultural anthropology, Archaeology, and Physical (or Biological) Anthropology. A fourth subfield, Linguistics (pertaining to language), seems to have been absorbed by the other three subfields in many cases today. Cultural Anthropology Cultural Anthropology: this subfield deals with myriad aspects of human society, culture, behavior, beliefs, ways of life, etc. It can include studies of non-technologic societies, technologic societies, past and present. Many areas of anthropology over lap eachother. For example, cultural anthropology may overlap with studies of foreign language, economics, psychology, sociology, political science, the medical field, ecology, women's studies, history, and so on. Archaeology Archaeology is the study of past cultures, through peoples' material remains (i.e. artifacts). The lifeways of past peoples can be studied from the artifacts they leave behind, which can range from items as small as bits of pottery and tools to large dwellingshuts, houses of worship, etc. Archaeological research covers a vast array of cultures throughout time and spacef... Free Essays on Forensic Anthropology Free Essays on Forensic Anthropology What is Forensic Anthropology? From within the specialized area of osteologythe study of bones- comes the application of the methods and techniques of analyzing skeletal remains for cases that will apply tf legal importance. Osteological analyses yield clues as to how populations of people might have lived, how old they were when they died, if they were female or male, their state of health (or disease), types of trauma they may have experienced as related to climate, warfare, and occupation. Forensic anthropologists help identify individuals who died in mass disasters, wars, or due to homicide, suicide, or accidental death, and applying the evidence to a case legally. Anthropology is the "study of humans" in a broad sense. There are primarily three subfields of anthropology, or three general areas into which the study of humans can be classified: Cultural anthropology, Archaeology, and Physical (or Biological) Anthropology. A fourth subfield, Linguistics (pertaining to language), seems to have been absorbed by the other three subfields in many cases today. Cultural Anthropology Cultural Anthropology: this subfield deals with myriad aspects of human society, culture, behavior, beliefs, ways of life, etc. It can include studies of non-technologic societies, technologic societies, past and present. Many areas of anthropology over lap eachother. For example, cultural anthropology may overlap with studies of foreign language, economics, psychology, sociology, political science, the medical field, ecology, women's studies, history, and so on. Archaeology Archaeology is the study of past cultures, through peoples' material remains (i.e. artifacts). The lifeways of past peoples can be studied from the artifacts they leave behind, which can range from items as small as bits of pottery and tools to large dwellingshuts, houses of worship, etc. Archaeological research covers a vast array of cultures throughout time and spacef...

Tips on How to Avoid the Plague

Tips on How to Avoid the Plague The bubonic plague that ravaged the world in the Middle Ages is still with us in the modern world, but medical knowledge has increased enough so that we now know what causes it and how to successfully treat it. Modern-day remedies for the plague involve the liberal application of antibiotics like streptomycin, tetracycline, and sulfonamides. Plague is very often fatal, and people with the disease may need addition symptom relief, including a source of oxygen and respiratory support, as well as medications to maintain adequate blood pressure. 12 Medieval Tips that Probably Didnt Help In the middle ages, though, there were no known antibiotics, but there were plenty of home and doctor-prescribed remedies. If you had the plague and were able to get a doctor to visit you, he would likely suggest one or more of the following, none of which would do any good at all. Rub onions, vinegar, garlic, herbs, or a chopped up snake on the boilsCut up a pigeon or chicken and rub the parts over your entire bodyApply leeches to the buboesSit in a sewer or rub human excrement on the bodyTake a bath in urineWhip yourself to show God that you are penitent for your sinsDrink vinegar, arsenic, and/or mercuryEat crushed minerals such as emeraldsInfuse your house with herbs or incense to purify itPersecute the people you dont like and think might have cursed youCarry sweet-smelling spices like ambergris (if you are wealthy) or plain herbs (if you are not)Suffer through repeated purges or bloodletting One Tip That Might Have Helped: Theriac The universal recommended medication for the plague in the medieval period was called theriac or London treacle. Theriac was a medicinal compound, a medieval version of remedies first concocted by classical Greek doctors for a number of ills. Theriac was made up of a complex mixture of multiple ingredients, indeed some recipes had 80 or more ingredients, but most of them included significant amounts of opium. Compounds were made up of a wide variety of dietary supplements, infusions of scabious or dandelion juice; figs, walnuts or fruit preserved in vinegar; rue, sorrel, sour pomegranate, citrus fruit and juice; aloes, rhubarb, absinth juice, myrrh, saffron, black pepper and cumin, cinnamon, ginger, bayberry, balsam, hellebore and a  whole lot more. The ingredients were mixed with honey and wine to make a thick, syrupy cordial-like consistency, and the patient was to dilute it in vinegar and drink it every day, or at least two to three times a week before meals. Theriac comes from the English word treacle and was said to cure fevers, prevent internal swellings and blockages, alleviate heart problems, treat epilepsy and palsy, induce sleep, improve digestion, heal wounds, protect against snake and scorpion bites and rapid dogs and poisons of all sorts. Who knows? Get the right combination and the plague victim might feel better, anyway. 12 Tips that Would Have Worked   Interestingly, we now know enough about the plague to go back in time and make some suggestions to Medieval people on how to avoid getting it. Most of them are only available to people rich enough to follow the directions: stay far away from people and other animals that carry fleas. Keep some clean clothes tightly folded and bound up in cloth treated with mint or pennyroyal, preferably in a cedar chest far from all animals and vermin.At the first whisper of plague in the area, flee any populated town or village and head for an isolated villa, far from any trade routes, with your cedar chest.Vigilantly clean every last corner of your villa, killing all rats and burning their corpses.Use plenty of mint or pennyroyal to discourage fleas, and  allow no cats or dogs to come near you.Under no circumstances enter an enclosed community like a monastery or board a shipOnce away from all human contact, wash in extremely hot water, change into your clean clothes, and burn the clothes you traveled in.Keep a minimum distance of 25 feet from any other human being to avoid catching any pneumonic form spread through breathing and sneezing.Bathe in hot water as frequently as you can.Keep a fire burning in your villa to ward off the bacillus, and stay as close to it as you can stand, even in summer. Have your armies burn and raze to the ground any nearby houses where plague victims have resided.Stay where you are until six months after the most recent nearby outbreak.Move to Bohemia before 1347 and dont leave until after 1353 Sources Fabbri, Christiane Nockels. Treating Medieval Plague: The Wonderful Virtues of Theriac. Early Science and Medicine 12.3 (2007): 247-83. Print.Holland, Bart K. Treatments for Bubonic Plague: Reports from Seventeenth-Century British Epidemics. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 93.6 (2000): 322-24. Print.Keiser, George R. Two Medieval Plague Treatises and Their Afterlife in Early Modern England. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 58.3 (2003): 292-324. Print.Siraisi, Nancy G. Medieval and Early Renaissance Medicine: An Introduction to Knowledge and Practice. Chicago University of Chicago Press, 1990. Print.

Osha Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Osha - Assignment Example It is also charged with the provision of training, relevant education, outreach, and assistance to the work force. All employers, as well as their employees, are covered with the OSHA Act. This coverage may be directly as enshrined in the federal OSHA or through a state program approved by OSHA. Any program rolled out by the state is required to be up to par with the standards stipulated by the federal OSHA in as far health and workplace safety is concerned. The OSHA website stipulates that any individual or groups that represent employees or even the employees they are in a position to lodge a complaint that calls for an inspection by OSHA of their areas of work if they have sufficient reasons to believe that such areas pose great health or safety hazards to them. It also gives directions on how such a complaint may be filed. The OSHA website also has additional information such as their contact information, various statistics and data regarding safety in the workplace, their cooperative programs, their schedule of event, types of hazards as well as the various rights any worker is

Discussion point Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Discussion point - Essay Example The point in this scenario is to make a choice in regard to prioritizing which debt to clear first. Michael needs to understand that it his legal obligation to pay his mother since it was a loan which is legally binding. However, the loan seems to have been unsecured because it was leased and in line with the evidently missing Personal Property Security Act (PPSA). There are two critical legal concepts that Michael need to understand in regard to his mother. It is not indicated if they perfected any collateral towards the loan and this means that in the event he could not raise the loan, the mother cannot claim anything. However, considering the case of Golf, in the event that Michael failed to honor his lease obligation, VW would repossess the Golf. In an attempt to avoid bankruptcy from the debts including the loan he owes the mother, Michael has Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act at his disposal in which he can make a proposal of paying only a portion of the debts e.g. paying back 50 c ents for every dollar

Degradation of America in All My Sons, Death of a Salesman, and The Cru

The Degradation of America in All My Sons, Death of a Salesman, and The Crucible  Ã‚     Ã‚   Arthur Miller was, as a playwright, very critical of American society.   He condemned every aspect and satirized every ideal of modern American culture, from democracy to the American dream.   He degraded every part of Western civilization down to a much more basic and much more negative idea – capitalism became greed, and rule by the people became rule by the mob.   Many people of his era saw him as anti-American, and in many ways, he was.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Each of Miller’s plays focuses on fundamental aspects of humanity.   Miller chose to represent these qualities in direct relation to American society, and contrasted the sacred ideals of democracy and capitalism with the true nature of mankind.   He blamed the faults of democracy onto mankind at an individual basis, and used the â€Å"American everyman† as an example to prove his point.   This technique was very successful in Miller’s three most important works – All My Sons, Death of a Salesman, and The Crucible.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All three of these plays deal with different aspects of American democracy.   In All My Sons, Miller criticizes both domestic and international failures of democracy, especially in relationship to World War II.   American soldiers made great sacrifices for their friends and for their country, even giving up their lives to save that of a fellow soldier.   They were fighting to protect the American way of life, which according to Miller, was in effect nothing.   American soldiers were dying out in Europe and the Pacific so that Americans at home could buy refrigerators and new cars.   According to Chris, one of two characters Miller used to represent the American soldier, â€Å"[The A... ...btain happiness through money and fail. Larry and Proctor, along with numerous Puritans and American pilots, are all characters Miller used to demonstrate the terrible effects capitalism can have even on the innocent.   The American way of life revolves around capitalism, and capitalism is based solely on money; therefore the American way of life is faulted to the point of being unworkable. Works Cited   Hayman, Ronald.   Arthur Miller.   New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1972.   Miller, Arthur.   All My Sons.   New York: The Viking Press, 1957.   - - -.   Introduction.   Arthur Miller’s Collected Plays.   New York: The Viking Press, 1957.   - - -.   Death of a Salesman.   New York: The Viking Press, 1957.   - - -.   The Crucible.   New York: The Viking Press, 1957.   Moss, Leonard.   Arthur Miller.   Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1967.      

Perception paper

In these two stories you see both women being stereotyped. Christa Kilvington being stereotyped for being on government well fare. I can see why people would use that stereotype on her. A lot of the people see using the well fare system are dead beats so to speak, people that are too lazy or on drugs to go find a decent job. With Carol Paik she keeps getting the Asian stereotype where people think she looks like other Asians. I also can understand how people can make this mistake; I think every single one of us will admit that all Asian people look kind of similar and that we’ve each made the same mistake as the people in this story are making with Carol. I personally have made this mistake, even carol made it and she used to complain about people doing the same thing to her.The major factors that affect the selection of information by the people who see Christa are that she is on the welfare system and that she’s a 4.0 student. The people at grocery stores or the welfa re office see her as a lazy person who wont go get a job and make her own money. Her classmates see her as the hardworking dedicated 4.0 student. The two are very different after reading the story I see Christa more on the side of hardworking and dedicated. The major factor affecting Carol is her race. The fact that she’s Asian is the biggest reason people perceive her as someone else.The people who meet Christa organize the information they are given into two different groups. People out in public see her as the single mom that is on government welfare, from that they assume that she is a worthless, lazy woman who is coasting on government funds. People who meet Christa around college see her as the exceptional student. It would be interesting to see what her classmates would say if they knew about her being on welfare and if people out in public knew that she is a 4.0 student. People who meet Carol organize her into one category. People who meet carol confuse her with other women because the general stereotype is that all Asians look alike.The cultural views are big in theses two stories. Generally in our, or American culture, we don’t usually see 4.0 students on government welfare, we’re just not used to seeing that combination of traits from somebody. We also see in our culture that we mix up Asian people with each other. I don’t believe it’s because we are racist I think it’s that we are not raised around a lot of Asians usually so its kind of hard for us to distinguish between them sometimes.To minimize the perception problems people could use perception checking. â€Å"Perception checking is a tool for helping you understand others accurately instead of assuming that your first interpretation is correct. Because its goal is mutual understanding, perception checking is a cooperative approach to communication (Alder/Proctor II, 105).† Perception checking has three parts, description, interpretations, and a request of clarification. In this situation a request for clarification would help out both these women greatly.